EN 17092 and EN 1621: How CE Ratings Define a Motorcycle Jacket's Abrasion and Impact Protection

A rider sliding across highway asphalt in a Class A motorcycle jacket will burn through the fabric in a fraction of the time it takes to wear through a Class AAA garment. Inside that same jacket, a Level 1 back protector allows up to 18 kilonewtons of force to reach the spine during a hard strike, while a Level 2 protector cuts that transmitted impact significantly. The European CE rating system—specifically the EN 17092 standard for abrasion and EN 1621 for impact—has replaced vague marketing claims with hard, verifiable thresholds. By checking the tags, a buyer knows exactly how many seconds of sliding and how much blunt force their gear is legally certified to withstand.[3][4]

Before 2020, the motorcycle apparel market was flooded with jackets and pants claiming to be reinforced or heavy-duty without any objective baseline to prove it. The introduction of the EN 17092 standard changed the industry by mandating that any garment sold as motorcycle personal protective equipment in the European Union must pass rigorous, independent laboratory testing. This standard measures a garment's ability to survive a slide, focusing on abrasion resistance, tear strength, and seam integrity. The testing divides garments into distinct classes, allowing riders to match their gear to the actual speeds and risks of their daily commute or weekend track day.[2][3][4]

The highest rating under the EN 17092 standard is Class AAA, designed for high-speed highway riding and track use. Garments in this tier—often heavy leathers or highly engineered technical textiles—must survive the longest duration against a moving abrasive belt before the material breaks open. Class AA serves as the middle ground, offering a balance of abrasion resistance and ergonomic flexibility that suits most touring and everyday street riders. Class A provides the minimum acceptable level of protection, utilizing lighter materials intended strictly for low-speed urban riding where the risk of a high-speed slide is minimal.[2][3][4]

While EN 17092 dictates how well the jacket's outer shell survives friction, a completely different standard governs the armor underneath. The EN 1621-1:2012 standard measures how effectively the protective inserts at the shoulders, elbows, knees, hips, and spine absorb blunt-force trauma. In the standardized test, a 5-kilogram flat steel striker is dropped onto the armor at a speed of 4.47 meters per second, generating 50 joules of impact energy. Sensors placed beneath the armor measure exactly how much of that force punches through the material and reaches the rider's body.[1][5]

The EN 1621 standard divides impact protectors into two performance tiers: Level 1 and Level 2. "The lower the force that a protector transmits, the more protective a product is considered to be," states the technical documentation from SATRA, an independent research and testing organization. For limb protectors, SATRA notes that "to pass the standard, the mean maximum transmitted force must be below 35kN, and no single value should be over 50kN." Level 2 limb armor is held to a stricter threshold, absorbing more energy and transmitting significantly less force to the joint. Viscoelastic materials, which remain soft and pliable at rest but instantly harden upon impact, have made it possible to achieve these Level 2 ratings without forcing riders to wear bulky, rigid plastic shells.[1][5]

The certification system applies entirely different math to the spine. Because the spinal column is vastly more vulnerable to catastrophic injury than a shoulder or knee, the EN 1621-2:2014 standard for back protectors enforces much lower force limits. To earn a basic Level 1 rating, a back protector must restrict the mean transmitted force to just 18 kN—roughly half the 35 kN allowed for Level 1 limb armor. A Level 2 back protector is even more protective, further halving the allowed force to ensure maximum energy absorption during a crash.[1][4]

Not all certified garments include impact armor by default, which is why the EN 17092 standard includes specialty classifications to cover modular riding setups. Class B garments provide the exact same abrasion resistance as Class A but are sold without impact protectors, requiring the rider to wear a separate armored shirt underneath. Conversely, Class C garments are lightweight mesh under-layers designed solely to hold impact armor securely against the joints; they offer zero abrasion resistance and must always be worn under a durable outer shell to prevent the mesh from instantly shredding on the pavement.[2][4]

Understanding these labels fundamentally changes how a rider evaluates a purchase. A heavy leather jacket might look indestructible, but if it only carries a Class A rating, its seams or material burst strength have failed to meet the higher thresholds required for highway speeds. By checking for a Class AA or AAA shell paired with Level 2 EN 1621 armor, a rider guarantees their gear has survived the exact same 50-joule drops and high-speed abrasion tests as the premium equipment worn by professionals.[1][3][6]